{"id":14008,"date":"2021-11-03T13:09:13","date_gmt":"2021-11-03T18:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/last-drum.flywheelsites.com\/?p=14008"},"modified":"2024-04-28T17:43:26","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T22:43:26","slug":"shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/","title":{"rendered":"Shank3 gene mutation may impair brain\u2019s ability to distinguish self from other"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p data-wp-editing=\"1\">Researchers studying a mutation in a gene linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) say the mutation appears to disrupt the brain\u2019s ability to distinguish \u201cself\u201d from \u201cother.\u201d<\/p>\n<p data-wp-editing=\"1\">Daniel Lee and colleagues disrupted and then restored the expression of the Shank3 gene\u2014which is mutated in about one percent of people with ASD\u2014in adult male mice. They recorded the activity of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (a brain region linked to social behavior and cognition) when the mice were exposed to several scenarios with other mice.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" alt=\"Gloved hand removing red gene section from blue model of double helix spiral.\" title=\"genes\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-2836\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27334%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20334%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27334%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg 500w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>The researchers say they found that \u201cShank3 disruption led to a reduction of neurons encoding the experience of other mice and an increase in neurons encoding the animal\u2019s own experience.\u201d The shift was associated with a loss of neurons\u2019 ability to distinguish others from self.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers were able to restore the function of the Shank3 gene in the experimental mice using the drug tamoxifen. They report, \u201cRestoration of Shank3 expression in medial prefrontal cortex reversed this encoding imbalance and increased sociability over 5 to 8 weeks.\u201d Selectively activating Shank3 in the medial prefrontal cortex rather than the entire brain resulted in the same changes.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers conclude, \u201cThese findings reveal a neuronal-encoding process that is necessary for social behavior and that may be disrupted in ASD.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u201cReduced sociability and social agency encoding in adult Shank3-mutant mice are restored through gene re-expression in real time,\u201d Daniel K. Lee, S. William Li, Firas Bounni, Gabriel Friedman, Mohsen Jamali, Leah Strahs, Omer Zeliger, Pauline Gabrieli, Michael A. Stankovich, Jack Demaree, and Ziv M. Williams, <em>Nature Neuroscience<\/em>, July 12, 2021 (online). Address: Ziv Williams, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thier Research Building, 70 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, zwilliams@mgh.harvard.edu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2014and\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAutism-linked mutation may blur brain\u2019s boundary between self, others,\u201d Angie Voyles Askham, <em>Spectrum News<\/em>, July 15, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>This article originally appeared in <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/subscribe\/\"><em>Autism Research Review International, <\/em><\/a><em>Vol. 35, No. 3, 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div 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class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-recent-posts fusion-recent-posts-1 avada-container layout-default layout-columns-3\"><section class=\"fusion-columns columns fusion-columns-3 columns-3\"><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/editorial-what-we-breathe-matters-rethinking-air-pollution-and-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Editorial: What we breathe matters &#8211; Rethinking air pollution and autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/exhaust-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Cars stuck in a traffic jam on a busy road\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271817%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201817%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271817%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/exhaust-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/exhaust-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/exhaust-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2026-03-09T15:09:40-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/editorial-what-we-breathe-matters-rethinking-air-pollution-and-autism\/\">Editorial: What we breathe matters &#8211; Rethinking air pollution and autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2026-03-09T15:09:40-05:00<\/span><span>March 9th, 2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   For nearly sixty years, the Autism Research Institute (ARI) has tried to understand autism by looking beyond surface behaviors and asking deeper biological questions. From the beginning, Bernard Rimland challenged the dominant<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/editorial-invisible-threats-the-role-of-environmental-toxins-in-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Editorial: Invisible threats &#8211; the role of environmental toxins in autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Untitled-design-48-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"different toxins\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Untitled-design-48-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Untitled-design-48-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Untitled-design-48-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-11-24T14:39:51-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/editorial-invisible-threats-the-role-of-environmental-toxins-in-autism\/\">Editorial: Invisible threats &#8211; the role of environmental toxins in autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-11-24T14:39:51-05:00<\/span><span>November 21st, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/uncategorized\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Uncategorized<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   As our knowledge about autism continues to evolve, so does our understanding of its root causes. For many years, professionals blamed \u201crefrigerator parents\u201d and prescribed psychoanalytic therapy. Once the psychogenic theory was<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/aris-2025-impact\/\" aria-label=\"ARI&#8217;s 2025 Impact\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"368\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27883%27%20height%3D%27368%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20883%20368%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27883%27%20height%3D%27368%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2025-accomplishments-logo-700x368.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2026-03-26T15:13:47-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/aris-2025-impact\/\">ARI&#8217;s 2025 Impact<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2026-03-26T15:13:47-05:00<\/span><span>November 17th, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Advocating for Independent Research and Education For nearly six decades, ARI has funded groundbreaking research, expanded educational initiatives, and brought clinicians and scientists together worldwide. Yet researchers and clinicians continue to face unprecedented<\/p><\/div><\/article><\/section><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2836,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[8326,9640,72],"class_list":["post-14008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-arri","tag-genes","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Shank3 gene mutation may impair brain\u2019s ability to distinguish self from other - Autism Research Institute<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Shank3 gene mutation may impair brain\u2019s ability to distinguish self from other\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Autism Research Institute\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/autismresearchinstitute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-11-03T18:09:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-28T22:43:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"334\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Melanie Glock\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ariConference\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ariConference\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Melanie Glock\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Melanie Glock\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ad26e988cbfed68201ec1c125f98d660\"},\"headline\":\"Shank3 gene mutation may impair brain\u2019s ability to distinguish self from other\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-03T18:09:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-04-28T22:43:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\"},\"wordCount\":1493,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"ARRI\",\"genes\",\"research\"],\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/shank3-gene-mutation-may-impair-brains-ability-to-distinguish-self-from-other\/\",\"name\":\"Shank3 gene mutation may impair brain\u2019s ability to distinguish self from other - 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