{"id":14760,"date":"2022-07-26T12:47:27","date_gmt":"2022-07-26T17:47:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/last-drum.flywheelsites.com\/?p=14760"},"modified":"2024-03-07T15:37:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T20:37:58","slug":"gender-brain-differences-autism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-brain-differences-autism\/","title":{"rendered":"Behavioral and Brain Signatures of Autism in Females"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"#jump\">Kaustubh Supekar, Ph.D.<\/a>, examines recent findings about gender\/sex differences in autism phenotypes and brain organization. He highlights the underrepresentation of females in autism and underscores the need for a large-scale science approach. The speaker details contemporary research methods and outcomes which revealed gender differences in autism symptom presentation and structural and functional brain organization. Supekar provides study implications, discusses limitations, and outlines future research, diagnosis, and treatment priorities. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Learn more about our speaker <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kaustubh Supekar, Ph.D. <a href=\"#jump\">HERE<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span>Take the knowledge quiz for this webinar <a href=\"#jump\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube fusion-aligncenter\" style=\"--awb-max-width:1500px;--awb-max-height:844px;--awb-width:100%;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:56.27%;\" ><iframe title=\"YouTube video player 1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3BE0kwwXqJs?wmode=transparent&autoplay=0\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><h2><strong>In this webinar:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><b>1:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autism and gender heterogeneity<br \/>\n<\/span><b>3:45 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why are there fewer females with autism?<br \/>\n<\/span><b>5:23 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Questions of interest and implications<br \/>\n<\/span><b>7:15 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> we know so little<br \/>\n<\/span><b>9:40 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large-scale science approach<br \/>\n<\/span><b>12:40 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Question 1<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>14:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Findings and replication studies<br \/>\n<\/span><b>17:25 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Co-occurring conditions<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>19:10 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Age and gendered socio-ecological effects<br \/>\n<\/span><b>19:53 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interim summary<br \/>\n<\/span><b>20:27 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Question 2<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>23:33 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Findings<br \/>\n<\/span><b>25:10 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Correlation of symptom presentation and brain structure<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>27:04 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interim summary<br \/>\n<\/span><b>29:30 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Question 3<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>32:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clinical vs functional MRI<br \/>\n<\/span><b>36:52 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Findings<br \/>\n<\/span><b>37:25 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Major finding: Visual-spatial attention systems<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>38:15 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Robustness and specificity to autism<br \/>\n<\/span><b>40:30 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Functional organization patterns associated with RRB<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>42:02 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interim summary<br \/>\n<\/span><b>44:40 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall summary<br \/>\n<\/span><b>46:53 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limitations and priorities for future research<br \/>\n<\/span><b>49:35 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acknowledgments and Q &amp; A<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autism is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder <\/span><b>(1:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Supekar discusses the skewed gender ratio of women to men (ratio of 1 to 4) in autism diagnoses and asserts that this lack of female representation is a key source of heterogeneity in autism symptom presentation, treatments, and research <\/span><b>(2:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He stresses the historical consistency of the sex\/gender bias <\/span><b>(7:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and discusses why we know so little about behavioral symptoms and brain signatures of females with autism <\/span><b>(4:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Supekar presents the unanswered question of why there are fewer females with autism as a fundamental building block for the future of autism research and treatments <\/span><b>(3:45)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The speaker describes the large-scale science approach, which collects publicly available data from multiple studies, sites, languages, populations, and investigators <\/span><b>(9:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Such datasets provide large sample sizes, robust and replicable findings, and population variance <\/span><b>(10:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Supekar uses the large-scale science approach to address three research questions <\/span><b>(12:04)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. What are the behavioral\/symptom presentations of autism in females, and how do they differ from those in males (12:40)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supekar and his colleagues compared female and male clinical data <\/span><b>(13:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and found that girls with autism exhibit less severe restricted\/repetitive behavior (RRB) than autistic boys <\/span><b>(14:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These findings have been replicated in multiple large-scale studies <\/span><b>(15:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The presenter outlines subsequent research on co-occurring conditions <\/span><b>(17:25)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which revealed a lower prevalence of ADHD and a higher prevalence of epilepsy in autistic females compared to males <\/span><b>(18:03)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He also describes evidence suggesting an influence of age and gendered socio-ecological contexts on symptom presentation in autistic females <\/span><b>(19:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Supekar states that these findings show significantly different phenotypes between autistic males and females where the female presentation is more nuanced <\/span><b>(19:53)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>2. What is the structural organization of autistic brains in females, and how do they differ from those in males (20:27)?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Researchers applied multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) <\/span><b>(22:18)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to clinical and structural MRI data to assess gray matter volume maps. Their findings revealed that structural brain organization in females with autism is significantly different from that of autistic males, especially in brain regions belonging to the motor, language, and visual-motor systems <\/span><b>(23:33)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Supekar\u2019s team subsequently correlated those brain regions with clinical scores and found a relationship between RRB domains and gray matter volume in girls with autism <\/span><b>(25:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The speaker suggests these results reveal gender discrepancies in autistic structural brain organization that are associated with significantly different sex\/gender phenotypes <\/span><b>(27:04)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>3. What is the functional organization of autistic brains in females, and how do they differ from those in males (29:30)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supekar and his colleagues used deep learning neural networks <\/span><b>(33:16) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to assess differences in clinical and functional MRIs in multiple brain regions <\/span><b>(32:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Despite the heterogeneity of the dataset, the model was consistently (86%) accurate in differentiating males and females with autism <\/span><b>(36:28)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Further, this study revealed sex\/gender differences in brain systems associated with visual-spatial attention in autistic individuals <\/span><b>(37:25)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Such findings had never been recorded in autism literature before and have since been replicated in a fully-independent cohort <\/span><b>(38:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brain regions showing differences were subsequently correlated with clinical scores, which revealed that regions belonging to motor systems predicted the severity of RRB in autistic females <\/span><b>(40:30)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but not in autistic males. Supekar asserts that these findings suggest the presence of domain-specific effects associated with RRB in females and some level of female protective effect <\/span><b>(5:54)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in those brain regions <\/span><b>(41:35)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supekar summarizes the research findings <\/span><b>(44:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, noting that gender differences in autistic structural and functional brain organization significantly differed from normative sex differences <\/span><b>(24:16; 39:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He lists the implications of their results, including the need for sex-specific diagnostic instruments and treatments. The presenter outlines priorities for future research <\/span><b>(46:53)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> before the question and answer session <\/span><b>(50:12)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"jump\" class=\"fusion-container-anchor\"><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h3>About the speaker:<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-14761 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"162\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27162%27%20height%3D%27162%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20162%20162%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27162%27%20height%3D%27162%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/kaustubh-supekar_profilephoto.jpg 350w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><span class=\"speaker-title\"><strong>Kaustubh Supekar, PhD,<\/strong> is a clinical Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at <\/span><span class=\"speaker-org\">Stanford Medicine.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h4>Take the knowledge quiz<\/h4>\n<p>Can&#8217;t see the quiz below? 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class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-recent-posts fusion-recent-posts-1 avada-container layout-default layout-columns-3\"><section class=\"fusion-columns columns fusion-columns-3 columns-3\"><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/understanding-and-supporting-puberty\/\" aria-label=\"Understanding and Supporting Puberty in Autistic Girls and Boys\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Diverse Teens Hands Star Concept\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271709%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201709%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271709%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-09-11T12:52:59-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/understanding-and-supporting-puberty\/\">Understanding and Supporting Puberty in Autistic Girls and Boys<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-09-11T12:52:59-05:00<\/span><span>August 28th, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gender\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gender<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/medical-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Medical Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/parenting-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Parenting<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/self-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Self Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/sexuality\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sexuality<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/social-skills\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Social Skills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   Blythe A. Corbett, Ph.D., discusses her lab's research on puberty, adolescence, and mental health in autistic individuals. She emphasizes puberty as a period of significant biological maturation involving several physical, biological, hormonal,<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/live-qa-masking-deconstructing-the-myths\/\" aria-label=\"Live Q&#038;A\u2014Masking: Deconstructing the Myths\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271583%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201583%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271583%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-23T13:56:31-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/live-qa-masking-deconstructing-the-myths\/\">Live Q&#038;A\u2014Masking: Deconstructing the Myths<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-23T13:56:31-05:00<\/span><span>August 5th, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/medical-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Medical Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>     This is a follow-up session to Dr. Dena Gassner's June 11th, 2025, presentation on the same subject. You can watch the live recording for more context and information. In the<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/sexuality-and-gender\/\" aria-label=\"Gender, Sexuality, and Autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"puzzle pieces with male and female gender symbols on the pink and blue background. concept equality\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-08-07T10:38:10-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/sexuality-and-gender\/\">Gender, Sexuality, and Autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-08-07T10:38:10-05:00<\/span><span>July 12th, 2024<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/autism-spectrum-disorders\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Autism Spectrum Disorders<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gender\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gender<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/self-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Self Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/seniors\/\" rel=\"category tag\">seniors<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/sensory\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sensory<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/sexuality\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sexuality<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/social-skills\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Social Skills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/autism-spectrum-disorders\/ways-to-help\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Ways to Help<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>    Dr. Wenn Lawson, Ph.D., delves into the intersection of autism, sexuality, and gender. He describes monotropism as a theory of attention and addresses common sex differences in autism. The presenter discusses<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-discomfort-and-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Gender Discomfort and Autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Person made of colorful data in the virtual reality\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-11-22T08:34:54-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-discomfort-and-autism\/\">Gender Discomfort and Autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-11-22T08:34:54-05:00<\/span><span>June 16th, 2023<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   \"I think society has an expectation where you have to be male or female, or you can be somewhere in between [...]. But they don't get that, actually, there are many genders<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/the-ancient-roots-of-autism-susceptibility-genes\/\" aria-label=\"The Ancient Roots of Autism Susceptibility Genes\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Gloved hand removing red gene section from blue model of double helix spiral.\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27334%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20334%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27334%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/genes.jpg 500w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-01-22T14:41:37-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/the-ancient-roots-of-autism-susceptibility-genes\/\">The Ancient Roots of Autism Susceptibility Genes<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-01-22T14:41:37-05:00<\/span><span>January 31st, 2023<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/autism-spectrum-disorders\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Autism Spectrum Disorders<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/genetics\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Genetics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Casanova dives into the ancient origins of autism susceptibility genes. She outlines periods of rapid gene evolution in early vertebrates and provides an introduction to basic genetics. The presenter characterizes autism genes by<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-differences-in-diagnoses\/\" aria-label=\"Delayed and Missed Diagnoses of Autistic Women\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Upset young girl sitting on the floor of her bedroom, feeling down\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-17T17:01:33-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-differences-in-diagnoses\/\">Delayed and Missed Diagnoses of Autistic Women<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-17T17:01:33-05:00<\/span><span>November 8th, 2022<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/assessment\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Assessment<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/genetics\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Genetics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/neurological\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Neurological<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Hannah Belcher, Ph.D., Autistic researcher, speaker, and author, discusses the often late and missed diagnosis of autistic females. She dives into the gender gap inherent in autism research, assessments, and clinical understanding, demonstrating<\/p><\/div><\/article><\/section><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5711,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,3782,3933,24],"tags":[9625,4723,3531,4708,9665,3530,9626,4910,9663],"class_list":["post-14760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genetics","category-neurological","category-research-webinar","category-webinar","tag-boys","tag-brain-tissue","tag-epigenetics","tag-gender","tag-gender-brain-study","tag-genetics","tag-girls","tag-neurology","tag-women-diagnosis","webinar-author-kaustubh-supekar-phd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - 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