{"id":16605,"date":"2024-02-05T23:04:41","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T04:04:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/last-drum.flywheelsites.com\/?p=16605"},"modified":"2024-02-29T16:44:54","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T21:44:54","slug":"gender-and-autism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/","title":{"rendered":"Gender and Autism"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:80px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:13.3333%; margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:40px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:80px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:65.3333%; margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"#jump\">Gray Atherton, Ph.D.<\/a>, details the socialization of the female gender experience and how that plays into autism gender biases. The speaker discusses the experiences of autistic women, highlighting that gender is a critical barrier to diagnosis and care. Atherton details recent investigations into implicit gender biases in autism and their impact on medical care and autism understanding. She evidences contemporary shifts in the zeitgeist of gender and autism and provides suggestions for future research. The presenter offers sources and acknowledgments before the Q&amp;A, where she discusses masking, minorities and misdiagnosis, videogaming and autism, and much more.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube fusion-aligncenter\" style=\"--awb-max-width:600px;--awb-max-height:360px;--awb-width:100%;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:60%;\" ><iframe title=\"YouTube video player 1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sD20xIDp-Jc?wmode=transparent&autoplay=0\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:50px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><h1><b>In this webinar:<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><strong>1:00<\/strong> &#8211; Agenda and introduction<br \/>\n<strong>4:40<\/strong> &#8211; Gendered development &amp; autism descriptions<br \/>\n<strong>8:00<\/strong> &#8211; Female protective effect<br \/>\n<strong>10:00<\/strong> &#8211; Male brain theory<br \/>\n<strong>12:35<\/strong> &#8211; Gender and autism<br \/>\n<strong>16:20<\/strong> &#8211; Masking<br \/>\n<strong>18:50<\/strong> &#8211; Study 1: Age of diagnosis and quality of life<br \/>\n<strong>26:10<\/strong> &#8211; Effects of late diagnosis<br \/>\n<strong>30:00<\/strong> &#8211; Gender biases and a new ratio<br \/>\n<strong>35:12<\/strong> &#8211; Study 2: Implicit gender biases against female autism<br \/>\n<strong>40:11<\/strong> &#8211; Findings<br \/>\n<strong>42:40<\/strong> &#8211; Study 3: The zeitgeist of gender and autism<br \/>\n<strong>44:50<\/strong> &#8211; Summary and future research<br \/>\n<strong>48:08<\/strong> &#8211; Q&amp;A<\/p>\n<h1><b>Female gender experiences<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atherton discusses the construction and socialization of the female gender experience, underscoring observed differences in toys, colors, expectations, and language used with female versus male children <\/span><b>(2:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. She explains that females show more relational aggression (indirect) compared to males by age four <\/span><b>(4:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and tend to consider hierarchies and reputation in social interactions and communication from a very young age <\/span><b>(6:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These differences, the speaker continues, result, in part, from contrasting developmental pressures and environments between females and males.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><b>Gender and autism<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Historical descriptions of autism are skewed toward the male presentation due to classic gender biases<\/span><b> (6:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Atherton outlines two prominent hypotheses that aim to explain observed gender differences in autism: the Female Protective Effect <\/span><b>(8:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the Male Brain Theory<\/span><b> (10:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. While these theories have been widely investigated, contemporary understandings of gender and autism reveal them to be limited in scope and understanding.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atherton cites research showing higher rates of gender diversity in autism, where transgender and gender-diverse people are three to four times more likely to be autistic than cisgender people <\/span><b>(12:35)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. She discusses masking <\/span><b>(16:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or the process of copying other people and learning how to socialize, and how repetitive behaviors and other signs of autism can be easily mistaken for the expected \u201cnice\u201d \u201cquiet\u201d or \u201corganized\u201d qualities of girls and women <\/span><b>(13:35)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><b>Age of diagnosis and quality of life<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The speaker details a recent investigation into the effect that age at autism diagnosis has on an individual\u2019s quality of life (QoL) <\/span><b>(18:50)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The study found that women are significantly more likely to be diagnosed in adulthood compared to men and that women actually reported higher thresholds of autistic traits, but were still missed by practitioners <\/span><b>(21:13)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. QoL scores were negatively associated with age of diagnosis and masking. In a subsequent interpretive phenomenological analysis of lived autistic experiences, participants reported that their gender kept them from receiving a diagnosis &#8211; that they would have received a diagnosis much younger if they were male <\/span><b>(22:16)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These findings suggest that women <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have autism at least as frequently as men and that women are primarily underdiagnosed in adolescence, which leads to lower overall QoL <\/span><b>(25:05)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A study by Rodgaard et al., 2021 found that women who received a late diagnosis were misdiagnosed at least once with depression, anxiety, sleep issues, etc. <\/span><b>(28:35)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Atherton underscores that without early diagnosis and proper medical care, individuals are more likely to develop co-occurring conditions. In fact, 26% of late-diagnosed women have co-occurring conditions compared to 13% of late-diagnosed males and 3% of the general population <\/span><b>(26:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><b>Implicit gender biases<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The presenter outlines a study by Burrow et al., 2022 where researchers conducted direct assessments of autism symptoms at six to nine (6-9), twelve to fifteen (12-15), twenty-four (24), and thirty-six to sixty months (36-60) <\/span><b>(30:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Data revealed a 1:1 gender ratio of male\/female children with \u201chigh concern\u201d for autism &#8211; a stark contrast to the historically accepted 4:1 ratio. Clinician notes often referenced \u2018monitoring\u2019 girls over time but not needing a diagnosis in the same way as the boys did <\/span><b>(33:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These findings, Atherton asserts, suggest that although there is no biological bias, there seems to be different symptoms in females, perhaps as a result of female socialization, and subsequent bias in autism understandings and diagnosis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To determine whether there are implicit biases held against female autism, Atherton and her team paired vignettes of autistic descriptors with male and female names and asked participants to say how autistic each vignette seemed <\/span><b>(35:12)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. She explains that implicit biases may never be <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cognizantly<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> acted upon, but that they still affect the way we understand and respond to information <\/span><b>(38:15)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Results from the study showed that participants were slower to respond and made more mistakes when autistic descriptors were paired with female names compared to male names. Item-by-item differences were also recorded, where words that were explicitly autistic were viewed as male, and those that were the opposite of autistic were considered female <\/span><b>(40:11)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The speaker asserts these findings show implicit biases associated with females being autistic.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><b>Conceptualizing autism<\/b><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To properly care for autistic individuals, it is critical to understand the zeitgeist or cultural climate around autism and gender. To test this, the speaker collected photos that represented autism from 163 people. Many participants sent pictures of females and wrote about the struggles that autistic women face. Many participants also noted that we need to reimagine autism in accordance with gender <\/span><b>(42:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The speaker summarizes her presentation, highlighting the difficulties in diagnosis and care faced by autistic females, that women have the same amount or more autistic traits compared to men, that there are implicit biases against autism as a female experience, and that the cultural zeitgeist of autism and gender is changing according to the unique struggles and voices of autistic females <\/span><b>(44:50)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Atherton provides signup information for individuals interested in participating in future research projects about female autism trait presentation, gender diversity in autism, and adult experiences of neurodiverse people, specific to improving QoL <\/span><b>(45:50). <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She provides references and thanks before the Q&amp;A session <\/span><b>(48:08)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:40px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:40px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:80px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:13.3333%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:40px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"jump\" class=\"fusion-container-anchor\"><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p><strong>The speaker:<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-15383 alignleft lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-150x150.jpg\" sizes=\"150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1.jpg 300w\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-150x150.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dr-Gray-Atherton-300x300-1.jpg 300w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>Gray Atherton, PhD, has a BSc in Child Development from Vanderbilt University, a Master\u2019s in Counselling from University of Houston, and a Ph.D. in Educational Psychology and Individual Differences from University of Houston. She has previously lectured at University of Houston and the University of Wolverhampton. Prior to entering academia, Gray was a counselor for adolescents with neurodevelopmental conditions. \u201cI am interested in understanding how people with autism spectrum condition see the social world. Specifically, I explore individual differences in social processing and how these differences often found in people with autism also exist in the general population. I also investigate anthropomorphism, or seeing the human in the non-human, and how this relates to social processing in autism. To investigate this I am developing virtual reality techniques that allow for anthropomorphic experiences. My other research interest lies more broadly in embodied social processing. I am particularly interested in how movement can affect the way we see ourselves and our social partners, and how this can be used to understand special populations.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h4>Take the knowledge quiz<\/h4>\n<p>Can&#8217;t see the quiz below? 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fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-recent-posts fusion-recent-posts-1 avada-container layout-default layout-columns-3\"><section class=\"fusion-columns columns fusion-columns-3 columns-3\"><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/understanding-and-supporting-puberty\/\" aria-label=\"Understanding and Supporting Puberty in Autistic Girls and Boys\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Diverse Teens Hands Star Concept\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271709%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201709%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271709%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/paid-teens-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-09-11T12:52:59-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/understanding-and-supporting-puberty\/\">Understanding and Supporting Puberty in Autistic Girls and Boys<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-09-11T12:52:59-05:00<\/span><span>August 28th, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gender\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gender<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/medical-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Medical Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/parenting-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Parenting<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/self-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Self Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/sexuality\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sexuality<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/social-skills\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Social Skills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   Blythe A. Corbett, Ph.D., discusses her lab's research on puberty, adolescence, and mental health in autistic individuals. She emphasizes puberty as a period of significant biological maturation involving several physical, biological, hormonal,<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/live-qa-masking-deconstructing-the-myths\/\" aria-label=\"Live Q&#038;A\u2014Masking: Deconstructing the Myths\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271583%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201583%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271583%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/teens-2-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-23T13:56:31-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/live-qa-masking-deconstructing-the-myths\/\">Live Q&#038;A\u2014Masking: Deconstructing the Myths<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-23T13:56:31-05:00<\/span><span>August 5th, 2025<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/medical-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Medical Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/research\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>     This is a follow-up session to Dr. Dena Gassner's June 11th, 2025, presentation on the same subject. You can watch the live recording for more context and information. In the<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/sexuality-and-gender\/\" aria-label=\"Gender, Sexuality, and Autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"puzzle pieces with male and female gender symbols on the pink and blue background. concept equality\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-08-07T10:38:10-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/sexuality-and-gender\/\">Gender, Sexuality, and Autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-08-07T10:38:10-05:00<\/span><span>July 12th, 2024<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/autism-spectrum-disorders\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Autism Spectrum Disorders<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gender\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gender<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/self-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Self Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/seniors\/\" rel=\"category tag\">seniors<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/sensory\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sensory<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/sexuality\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Sexuality<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/social-skills\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Social Skills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/autism-spectrum-disorders\/ways-to-help\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Ways to Help<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>    Dr. Wenn Lawson, Ph.D., delves into the intersection of autism, sexuality, and gender. He describes monotropism as a theory of attention and addresses common sex differences in autism. The presenter discusses<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-discomfort-and-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Gender Discomfort and Autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Person made of colorful data in the virtual reality\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AdobeStock_557444134-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-11-22T08:34:54-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-discomfort-and-autism\/\">Gender Discomfort and Autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-11-22T08:34:54-05:00<\/span><span>June 16th, 2023<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   \"I think society has an expectation where you have to be male or female, or you can be somewhere in between [...]. But they don't get that, actually, there are many genders<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-differences-in-diagnoses\/\" aria-label=\"Delayed and Missed Diagnoses of Autistic Women\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Upset young girl sitting on the floor of her bedroom, feeling down\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/preteen-girl-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-17T17:01:33-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-differences-in-diagnoses\/\">Delayed and Missed Diagnoses of Autistic Women<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2025-10-17T17:01:33-05:00<\/span><span>November 8th, 2022<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/adults-on-the-spectrum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Adults on the Spectrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/assessment\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Assessment<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/genetics\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Genetics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/neurological\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Neurological<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Hannah Belcher, Ph.D., Autistic researcher, speaker, and author, discusses the often late and missed diagnosis of autistic females. She dives into the gender gap inherent in autism research, assessments, and clinical understanding, demonstrating<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-brain-differences-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Behavioral and Brain Signatures of Autism in Females\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"puzzle pieces with male and female gender symbols on the pink and blue background. concept equality\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-03-07T15:37:58-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-brain-differences-autism\/\">Behavioral and Brain Signatures of Autism in Females<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-03-07T15:37:58-05:00<\/span><span>July 26th, 2022<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/genetics\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Genetics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/neurological\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Neurological<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Kaustubh Supekar, Ph.D., examines recent findings about gender\/sex differences in autism phenotypes and brain organization. He highlights the underrepresentation of females in autism and underscores the need for a large-scale science approach. The<\/p><\/div><\/article><\/section><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5711,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,3781,9449,21,5199,3783,3785,9475,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adults-on-the-spectrum","category-anxiety","category-anxiety-2","category-autism-spectrum-disorders","category-self-care","category-sensory","category-social-skills","category-ways-to-help","category-webinar","webinar-author-gray-atherton-phd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gender and Autism - Autism Research Institute<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about research suggesting that a lack of understanding and recognition of the female autistic phenotype could lead to inequalities.\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gender and Autism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn about research suggesting that a lack of understanding and recognition of the female autistic phenotype could lead to inequalities.\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Autism Research Institute\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/autismresearchinstitute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-02-06T04:04:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-02-29T21:44:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"5472\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"3648\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"autismAdmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ariConference\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ariConference\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"autismAdmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"autismAdmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/#\/schema\/person\/26ad828eeaab2fed770658de3e543083\"},\"headline\":\"Gender and Autism\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-02-06T04:04:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-29T21:44:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\"},\"wordCount\":3257,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/AdobeStock_238082786.jpeg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Adults on the Spectrum\",\"Anxiety\",\"Anxiety\",\"Autism Spectrum Disorders\",\"Self Care\",\"Sensory\",\"Social Skills\",\"Ways to Help\",\"Webinar\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gender-and-autism\/\",\"name\":\"Gender and Autism - 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