{"id":8818,"date":"2020-04-14T01:48:08","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T06:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/last-drum.flywheelsites.com\/?p=8818"},"modified":"2023-03-31T13:24:45","modified_gmt":"2023-03-31T18:24:45","slug":"gi-issues-challenging-behaviors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autism.org\/gi-issues-challenging-behaviors\/","title":{"rendered":"Research finds GI issues coincide with challenging behaviors in ASD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Ferguson discusses current research indicating that GI issues coincide with behavior problems in autism. He explains how the autonomic nervous system drives stress response and details its relationship with GI functionality. The speaker describes five studies investigating different aspects of Gi issues, anxiety, stress, and problem behaviors in autism. Ferguson touches on pharmacological, vagal, and behavioral treatment strategies before the Q&amp;A.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Handouts are online <a href=\"https:\/\/ariconference.com\/webinars\/ferguson.pdf\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube fusion-aligncenter\" style=\"--awb-max-width:1500px;--awb-max-height:844px;--awb-width:100%;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:56.27%;\" ><iframe title=\"YouTube video player 1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IjCg9g5XSwE?wmode=transparent&autoplay=0\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2><strong>In this webinar:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><b>2:25 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevalence of GI disorders in autism<br \/>\n<\/span><b>5:10- <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autonomic nervous system and autism<br \/>\n<\/span><b>8:12 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: GI and stress relationship in autism<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>10:55 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Psychophysiological associations<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>13:20 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: GI problems, difficult behavior, and internalizing symptoms in autism<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>16:30 &#8211; <\/b>Results<br \/>\n<b>18:30 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do GI symptoms predict internalizing or externalizing symptoms?<br \/>\n<\/span><b>20:20 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Results<br \/>\n<\/span><b>21:44 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discussion<br \/>\n<\/span><b>22:45 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Electrodermal activity and problem behaviors in autism<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>26:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study premise and outline<br \/>\n<\/span><b>27:10 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analysis of electrodermal activity<br \/>\n<\/span><b>29:45 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Relationship between stress response and problem behavior<br \/>\n<\/span><b>31:15 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What happens when we treat the stress response?<br \/>\n<\/span><b>36:20 &#8211; <\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Study: Effects of propranolol on the relationship between GI issues and amygdalar reactivity<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><b>39:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fMRI results<br \/>\n<\/span><b>43:00 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Future directions<br \/>\n<\/span><b>46:40 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take-home messages<br \/>\n<\/span><b>47:40 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acknowledgements and thanks<br \/>\n<\/span><b>48:05 &#8211; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q &amp; A<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ferguson explains that up to 91% of autistic people experience GI difficulties, highlighting the importance of studying GI issues in relation to autism <\/span><b>(2:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Two of the most common GI issues in autism are constipation and irritable bowel syndrome <\/span><b>(3:50)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson asserts that altered autonomic nervous system response to stress in autism is linked to these conditions. The speaker outlines the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which controls smooth muscles like those used in breathing and digestion. The ANS is composed of the parasympathetic (PYM) (i.e., rest and digest) and the sympathetic (SYM) (i.e., fight, flight, freeze) branches. Ferguson explains that our bodies strive for a balance between these two systems <\/span><b>(7:16)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He emphasizes that intestine function is inhibited when the SYM is activated and posits that this could be why individuals with high-stress responses are often constipated <\/span><b>(6:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson presents numerous studies supporting the assertion that ANS imbalances are associated with GI and behavior difficulties in autism.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study 1: GI and stress relationship in autism<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This study correlated stress response scores with GI issues in autistic children and adolescents. Baseline cortisol (stress hormone) levels were compared to levels after participants dipped their hands in cold water. They correlated this stress response to GI problems and found that Lower GI issues (e.g., abdominal pain and constipation) positively correlated with cortisol levels <\/span><b>(8:12)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The study also found a positive correlation between Upper GI issues and inflammation <\/span><b>(10:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson states that these results suggest that autistic individuals with lower GI issues will likely have high cortisol response to stressors <\/span><b>(9:40)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study 2: Psychophysiological associations<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The presenter explains that heart rate variability (HRV) measures the balance between the PYM and SYM. This study correlated HRV scores with Lower GI issues in autistic children and adolescents. Findings showed HRV response to stressors is much higher than average in autistic individuals who have anxiety. The same relationship exists between regressive autism and HRV <\/span><b>(12:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson therefore asserts that co-occurring anxiety disorders or regressions in autism alter the relationship between the PYM and the GI tract. This transformed relationship, he continues, is likely the cause of many GI issues in autism <\/span><b>(13:05)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study 3: GI problems, problem behavior, and internalizing symptoms in autism<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This study aimed to look at the relationship between GI problems, problem behaviors, and internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety) in autism. The speaker outlines study methods <\/span><b>(14:11)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and explains how they correlated scores across two age groups <\/span><b>(15:43)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Results showed that overall, younger children (ages 2 &#8211; 5) have more dietary problems than the older group (ages 6 &#8211; 18). However, for both groups, the following data was presented <\/span><b>(16:30)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">65% experienced constipation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50% experienced stomach aches or pain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">29% experienced diarrhea<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">23% experienced nausea<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">93% <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were not taking GI medication<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">53% <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were taking medications for other reasons (ADHD, aggression)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study also assessed whether or not GI symptoms predict internalizing or externalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety or problem behaviors) <\/span><b>(18:44)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Researchers found that the younger children acted out more with aggression while the older group had more internalized symptoms. This relationship, he continues, is compounded when an individual is minimally or non-verbal <\/span><b>(20:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson therefore asserts that GI issues <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">must<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> be addressed in this population, especially in those with communication difficulties <\/span><b>(21:44)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study 4: Electrodermal activity and problem behaviors in autism\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electrodermal activity, or sweating, is an indicator of stress. This study aimed to see if sweating predicts problem behaviors <\/span><b>(22:45)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Participants wore sweat monitors, and researchers observed their behaviors in an educational setting <\/span><b>(26:00). <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Results showed <\/span><b>(27:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that there is a rise in skin conductance lasting an average of about 10 minutes leading up to problem behaviors <\/span><b>(29:45)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This change in conductance is called the anticipatory rise, and it occurred before problem behaviors in 60% of observations <\/span><b>(28:30)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson posits that this anticipatory rise is likely the result of discomfort or pain and that it presents an opportunity for caretakers to intervene in the stress response. He outlines two clinical trials using propranolol to treat anxiety <\/span><b>(31:15) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and constipation <\/span><b>(35:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study 5: Effects of propranolol on the relationship between GI issues and amygdalar reactivity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amygdala is a part of the central nervous system responsible for ANS activation. This study examined the effect of three medications on amygdalar response to emotional faces using fMRI technology <\/span><b>(36:20)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Participants took three 12-day sessions of different medications: placebo, nadolol, and propranolol. Propranolol is the only one known to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. At the end of each session, participants completed a face-matching task to activate the amygdala <\/span><b>(39:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Researchers correlated GI issues to fMRI results. They found that with the first two medications (placebo and nadolol), there was a statistically significant positive relationship between GI symptoms and amygdalar activity. Contrastingly, after 12 days of propranolol, there was <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">no <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">relationship between GI symptoms and amygdalar activity <\/span><b>(40:14)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Therefore, Ferguson posits that GI stress is related to the central nervous system. He notes the limitations of this study <\/span><b>(42:10)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>What\u2019s next?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The presenter describes Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) and its potential in treating atypical PYM activation and GI issues in autism. tVNS is a small device that fits in the ear and stimulates the vagus nerve, which is part of the PYM (rest and digest) system. This stimulation helps the body calm down <\/span><b>(43:00)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ferguson underscores the difference between blocking SYM activity (i.e., propranolol) and stimulating the PYM (tVNS). He summarizes the presentation and reiterates that GI issues in autism are often associated with an enhanced stress response. This is particularly true for Lower GI issues like constipation. GI symptoms, he continues, have also been associated with internalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety) and problem behaviors. Stress response activation may often proceed problem behaviors in autism, and much more research is needed on new treatment strategies. Ferguson provides thanks and acknowledgments before the Q&amp;A.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:40px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h3>About the speaker:<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignleft wp-image-8820 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ferguson-150x150.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ferguson-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27150%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20150%20150%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27150%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ferguson-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ferguson-150x150.png 150w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"title person-title\">University of Missouri Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory<br \/>\nAssistant Research Professor Adjunct &#8211; MU School of Medicine, Department of Radiology<\/p>\n<div class=\"questions\" data-view=\"registration\/body\/body.registrationQuestions\" data-active-view=\"true\">Dr. Ferguson is currently studying the association between immune, endocrine, and psychophysiological markers of stress and gastrointestinal disorders in those with autism spectrum disorder. He is also leading the psychophysiological biomarker assessment for predictors of response to medications, and also the relationship to aberrant behaviors.<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"registration-description\" data-bind=\"expander:{'expandText': moreButtonText(), 'userCollapseText': lessButtonText(), 'text':getWebinarInfo().description}\"><span class=\"details\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h4>Take the knowledge quiz<\/h4>\n<p>Can&#8217;t see the quiz below? 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fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-recent-posts fusion-recent-posts-1 avada-container layout-default layout-columns-3\"><section class=\"fusion-columns columns fusion-columns-3 columns-3\"><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/microbiota-therapy-changes-in-gut-health\/\" aria-label=\"Microbiota therapy may lead to lasting beneficial changes in the gut health of children with autism\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/AdobeStock_547087396-700x441.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Gut microbe\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271716%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201716%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271716%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/AdobeStock_547087396-700x441.jpeg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/AdobeStock_547087396-320x202.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/AdobeStock_547087396-700x441.jpeg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-04-28T15:51:32-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/microbiota-therapy-changes-in-gut-health\/\">Microbiota therapy may lead to lasting beneficial changes in the gut health of children with autism<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2024-04-28T15:51:32-05:00<\/span><span>March 21st, 2023<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   Microbiota transfer therapy (MTT) may lead to long-term improvements in the gut health of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), according to a recent study by Khemlal Nirmalkar and colleagues at Arizona<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/holiday-sos-ask-the-nutrtionist\/\" aria-label=\"Holiday SOS: Ask the Nutritionist\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Untitled-design-2019-11-15T121822.559-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Girl holding gingerbread cookie\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271440%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201440%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271440%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Untitled-design-2019-11-15T121822.559-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Untitled-design-2019-11-15T121822.559-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Untitled-design-2019-11-15T121822.559-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2019-12-04T15:12:13-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/holiday-sos-ask-the-nutrtionist\/\">Holiday SOS: Ask the Nutritionist<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/autismadmin\/\" title=\"Posts by autismAdmin\" rel=\"author\">autismAdmin<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2019-12-04T15:12:13-05:00<\/span><span>December 3rd, 2019<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gastrointestinal\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/nutrition\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Nutrition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/parenting-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Parenting<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/self-care\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Self Care<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>    Facing airplane food with a picky eater? Visiting grandma's and expecting mountains of sweets? Looking for recipes to support loved ones with food allergies? Join this live Q&amp;A to ask your<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/serotonin-as-a-potential-brain-gut-link\/\" aria-label=\"Serotonin as a Potential Brain Gut Link\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled-design-53-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"pink brain ilustration on a blue background\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled-design-53-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled-design-53-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled-design-53-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2019-10-04T05:24:00-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/serotonin-as-a-potential-brain-gut-link\/\">Serotonin as a Potential Brain Gut Link<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2019-10-04T05:24:00-05:00<\/span><span>May 24th, 2017<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/research-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Research<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>          For some types of autism, gastrointestinal problems may originate from the same genetic changes that lead to the behavioral and social characteristics of the condition.<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/implementing-dairy-free-scd-for-individuals-with-autism-p-ferro-rn-r-prasad\/\" aria-label=\"Implementing Dairy Free SCD for Individuals with Autism &#8211; P. Ferro, RN &#038; R Prasad\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Untitled-design-85-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"milk and almonds\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Untitled-design-85-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Untitled-design-85-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Untitled-design-85-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2022-02-02T11:17:45-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/implementing-dairy-free-scd-for-individuals-with-autism-p-ferro-rn-r-prasad\/\">Implementing Dairy Free SCD for Individuals with Autism &#8211; P. Ferro, RN &#038; R Prasad<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/melanie\/\" title=\"Posts by Melanie Glock\" rel=\"author\">Melanie Glock<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2022-02-02T11:17:45-05:00<\/span><span>October 28th, 2015<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/gastrointestinal-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/nutrition\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Nutrition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>          Handouts for this presentation are available here\u00a0 Most children (and adults) with autism or ADHD also suffer from digestive issues ranging from constipation and reflux<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gastrointestinal-issues-autism\/\" aria-label=\"Gastrointestinal Issues and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Serotonin as a Potential Brain-Gut Link\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Untitled-design-98-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"serotonin\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Untitled-design-98-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Untitled-design-98-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Untitled-design-98-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/firespringint\/\" title=\"Posts by firespringInt\" rel=\"author\">firespringInt<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2022-01-13T11:38:10-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/gastrointestinal-issues-autism\/\">Gastrointestinal Issues and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Serotonin as a Potential Brain-Gut Link<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/firespringint\/\" title=\"Posts by firespringInt\" rel=\"author\">firespringInt<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2022-01-13T11:38:10-05:00<\/span><span>November 18th, 2014<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/gastrointestinal-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gastrointestinal\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/immune-issues\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Immune Issues<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/nutrition\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Nutrition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>   Handouts are online at: https:\/\/www.ariconference.com\/webinars\/margolis.pdf Free certificates of participation are available online following successful completion of a brief knowledge quiz at: https:\/\/www.classmarker.com\/online-test\/login\/ Kara Gross Margolis is a pediatric gastroenterologist whose clinical subspecialty<\/p><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/cross-talk-between-gut-brain\/\" aria-label=\"Cross Talk Between Gut &#038; Brain in Autism: Do they understand each other?\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Untitled-design-31-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts lazyload\" alt=\"Gut Brain Connection Autism\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Untitled-design-31-700x441.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Untitled-design-31-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/autism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Untitled-design-31-700x441.jpg 700w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/firespringint\/\" title=\"Posts by firespringInt\" rel=\"author\">firespringInt<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2023-04-01T15:18:51-05:00<\/span><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/cross-talk-between-gut-brain\/\">Cross Talk Between Gut &#038; Brain in Autism: Do they understand each other?<\/a><\/h4><p class=\"meta\"><span class=\"vcard\" style=\"display: none;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/author\/firespringint\/\" title=\"Posts by firespringInt\" rel=\"author\">firespringInt<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated\" style=\"display:none;\">2023-04-01T15:18:51-05:00<\/span><span>April 23rd, 2014<\/span><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/gastrointestinal\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/gastrointestinal-webinar\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Gastrointestinal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/health\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Health<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/immune-issues\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Immune Issues<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/category\/webinar\/nutrition\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Nutrition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/autism.org\/webinars\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Webinar<\/a><span class=\"fusion-inline-sep\">|<\/span><\/p><p>  Dr. Fasano considers the interplay of environmental factors and the gut microbiome in autism presentation and pathogenesis. He explains intestinal permeability and highlights the role that environmental factors like gluten play in the<\/p><\/div><\/article><\/section><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9033,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,80,85,3779,24],"tags":[4693,58,6992,4895,6991],"class_list":["post-8818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-challenging-behaviors","category-gastrointestinal","category-gastrointestinal-webinar","category-self-injury","category-webinar","tag-ari-webinar","tag-autism","tag-behavioral-support","tag-gastrointestinal-issues","tag-pain","webinar-author-bradley-ferguson-ph-d"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin 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